Ballistic Thoracoabdominal Injury With Open Abdomen and ECMO
A previously healthy adult sustains a close-range gunshot wound to the right lower chest and upper abdomen. Prehospital care includes hemorrhage control, intubation, blood products, and rapid transport. In the trauma bay, the patient has penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries with hemorrhagic shock. Resuscitation proceeds directly to emergent operative management because of instability. Damage-control thoracotomy and laparotomy identify a transdiaphragmatic ballistic tract involving the lung and liver with major hemorrhage. The abdomen is packed and left temporarily open. Despite operative hemorrhage control and massive transfusion, severe hypoxemia and cardiopulmonary shock persist; the patient is cannulated for ECMO in the operating room and transferred to the ICU. The teaching photograph is obtained after this operative pathway, either during the operation or in the early postoperative ICU period, and becomes available at the second decision point.